Temperatures
|
Degrees Fahrenheit |
Heat Level |
Degrees Celsius |
| 32 |
freezes
water at sea level |
0.0 |
| 70 - 75 |
room
temperature |
21.11 -
23.89 |
| 85 - 100 |
lukewarm
liquid |
29.44 -
37.78 |
| 165 - 175 |
simmer |
73.89 -
79.44 |
| 212 |
boils water
at sea level |
100 |
| 375 - 400 |
deep fat
frying |
190.56 -
204.44 |
|
Oven Baking Temperatures
|
Degrees Fahrenheit |
Oven Temperature |
Degrees Celsius |
| 250 - 300 |
very slow |
121.11 - 148.89 |
| 300 - 325 |
slow |
148.89 - 162.78 |
| 325 - 350 |
moderate |
162.78 - 176.67 |
| 375 |
moderately hot |
190.56 |
| 400 - 425 |
hot |
204.44 - 218.33 |
| 450 + |
very hot |
232.22 + |
|
Metric Measure Equivalent
Abbreviations
a Liter is the basic unit of
measurement for measuring volumes in the metric system
|
Measure |
English
|
French
|
Equals
|
in Ounces
|
Roughly
|
| 1
c/l |
1 centiliter |
1 centilitre |
1/100 liter |
.34 oz |
|
| 1
m/l |
1 milliliter |
1 millilitre |
1/1000 liter |
.3 oz. |
dry 1/5 t. |
| 1
di/l |
1 déciliter |
1 décilitre |
1/10 liter |
3.4 oz. |
|
|
-/1 lt |
1 liter |
1 liter |
1.06
qt. |
34 oz. |
4.2 c. |
|
French Abbreviated Measures
|
Measure |
English
|
French
|
Equals
|
in Ounces
|
Roughly
|
| 1 c.s |
1 tablespoon |
1 cuiller à soupe |
|
|
|
| 1 c.c. |
1 teaspoon |
1 cuiller à café |
|
|
|
| 1 c.c.
fin sel |
fine
salt |
regular salt |
+ is
more |
concentrated |
|
| 1 c.c.
gros sel |
coarse
salt |
sea
salt |
- is
less |
concentrated |
by 12% |
|
French Oven Temps
| |
Très doux = 150°F |
barely warm |
| |
Doux = 200°F |
warm |
| |
Moyen = 300°F |
medium |
| |
Chaud = 375°F |
hot |
| |
Très chaud = 500°F |
very hot |
|
A Recipe calls for and
French to English Meaning
|
|
1 sm |
petit
[small] |
|
|
1 md |
moyen
[medium] |
|
|
1 lg |
gros
[large] |
|
|
1 cn |
boite
[can] |
|
|
1 pk |
paquet [package] |
|
|
1 dr |
goutte [drop] |
|
|
1 sl |
tranche [slice]
|
|
|
1 ds |
pointe de couteau [dash] |
|
|
| |
1
cuillère à soupe de zeste râpé = 1 t. zest of
lemon, orange, lime, etc.
Cocotte minute = to cook in a pressure cooker
Au crock-pot
= to cook in a Crockpot
Marque = means a specific brand name
Lait concentré = something the French have, not found in U.S. It is
somewhat
between milk and cream, is stored on the grocer's shelf until
opened. |
| |
Uniquely French Measures & Terms |
| |
A recipe will
call for 1 sachet de levure
chimique |
| |
|
| 1
sachet de |
=
approximately a tad more than 2
teaspoons |
| chimique |
= a chemical
substance [baking powder, baking
soda, etc.] |
| levure
[example] |
= baking
powder |
|
For More Super Market Food Items |
U.S. to Metric Conversions
| |
U. S. |
|
|
Metric |
| |
3 teaspoons |
1 tablespoon |
1/2 ounce |
14.3 grams |
| |
2 tablespoons |
1/8 cup |
1 ounce |
28.3 grams |
| |
4 tablespoons |
1/4 cup |
2 ounces |
56.7 grams |
| |
5 1/3 tablespoons |
1/3 cup |
2.6 ounces |
75.6 grams |
| |
8 tablespoons |
1/2 cup |
4 ounces |
113.4 grams |
| |
12 tablespoons |
3/4 cup |
6 ounces |
170 grams |
| |
16 tablespoons |
1 cup |
8 ounces |
226.8 grams |
| |
32 tablespoons |
2 cups |
16 ounces |
453.6 grams |
| |
64 tablespoons |
4 cups |
32 ounces |
907.2 grams |
| |
|
|
|
|
| |
1 oz. |
|
|
30 milliliters |
| |
16 oz |
1 pint |
|
475 milliliters |
| |
32 oz |
1 quart |
|
950 milliliters |
| |
128 oz |
1 gallon |
3.75 liters |
3750 milliliters |
| |
|
|
|
|
| |
1/2 pound |
|
|
252 grams |
| |
1.1 pounds |
|
|
500 grams |
| |
2.2 pounds |
|
|
1000 grams [1 kilo] |
| |
|
|
|
|
| |
8 quarts |
1 peck |
|
8.81 liters |
| |
4 pecks |
1 bushel |
|
35.24 liters |
| |
|
|
|
|
| |
1 lb flour |
4 cups |
|
|
| |
1 lb granulated sugar |
2 cups |
|
|
| |
1/4 lb butter |
1/2 cup |
1 stick |
113.4 grams |
| |
1 lb butter |
2 cups |
4 sticks |
453.6 grams |
| |
|
|
|
|
| |
8 oz can |
1 cup |
|
226.8 grams |
| |
#1 can |
1 1/4 cups |
|
|
| |
#303 can |
2 cups |
|
453.6 grams |
| |
|
|
|
|
| |
1 cup |
1/2 pint |
8 fluid ounces |
237 ml |
| |
2 cups |
1 pint |
16 fluid ounces |
474 ml |
| |
4 cups |
1 quart |
32 fluid ounces |
948 ml |
| |
2 pints |
1 quart |
32 fluid ounces |
948 ml |
| |
2 quarts |
1/2 gallon |
64 fluid ounces |
1.896 liters |
| |
4 quarts |
1 gallon |
128 fluid ounces |
3.792 liters |
| |
|
|
|
|
| |
1 inch |
|
|
0.0254 m |
| |
1 foot |
|
|
0.3048 m |
| |
1 yard |
|
|
0.9144 m |
| |
1 mile |
|
|
1.6 km |
|
Metric to U.S. Conversions
|
Metric |
|
|
U.S. |
| 1 millimètre |
1/1000 mètre |
|
0.039 in |
| 1 centimètre |
1/100 mètre |
|
0.393 in |
| 1 décimètre |
1/10 mètre |
|
3.937 ins |
| 1 mètre |
|
|
1.0936 yds |
| 1 kilomètre |
1000 mètre |
|
.6 miles |
| |
|
|
|
| 1 gram |
1 cc pure water |
1/16 lb |
0.352 oz |
| 454 grams |
454 cc pure water |
1 lb |
16 oz |
| |
|
|
|
| 1 kilo |
1 liter water sea level |
2.2 lbs |
35.2 oz |
| 1 liter |
|
1.76 pints |
|
| 1 déciliter |
|
|
3.52 oz |
|
Cooking Metrics & Conversions
|
|
|
| |
-
Liquid Volume
-
To Convert U.S. Gallons to Liters
Multiply by 3.8
-
To Convert Liters to U.S. Gallons
Multiply by .26
-
To Convert U.S. Gallons to Imperial Gallons
Multiply by .83
-
To Convert Imperial Gallons to U.S. Gallons
Multiply by 1.20
-
To Convert Imperial Gallons to Liters
Multiply by 4.55
-
To Convert Liters to Imperial Gallons
Multiply by .22
|
|
| |
-
Distance
-
To Convert Inches to Centimeters
Multiply by 2.54
-
To Convert Centimeters to Inches
Multiply by .39
-
To Convert Feet to Meters
Multiply by .30
-
To Convert Meters to Feet
Multiply by 3.28
-
To Convert Yards to Meters
Multiply by .91
-
To Convert Meters to Yards
Multiply by 1.09
-
To Convert Miles to Kilometers
Multiply by 1.61
-
To Convert Kilometers to Miles
Multiply by .62
|
|
| |
-
Weight
-
To Convert Ounces to Grams
Multiply Ounces by 28.35
-
To Convert Grams to Ounces
Multiply Grams by .035
-
To Convert Pounds to Kilograms
Multiply Pounds by .45
-
To Convert Kilograms to Pounds
Multiply Kilograms by 2.20
-
To Convert Grams to Pounds:
1 pound = 454 grammes
p = 1/454 * g
to convert 20 grams to pounds:
p = 1/454 * 20
p = 20/454
p = .0441
to convert that to ounces:
O = .0441 * 16
= .705 ounces
to convert kilos to pounds:
p = k * 1000/1k * 1p/454
to convert 2 kilos to pounds:
p = 2 * 1000/1 * 1/454
= 9.69 pounds
|
|
| |
French
to English Dictionary of Cooking Terms
|
|
|
| |
